In a breakthrough inspired by nature, researchers from the Institute of Technology at the University of Tartu in Estonia have developed a robot capable of spinning its own structural components on demand. Drawing from how spiders weave intricate silk webs, this innovative machine utilizes a special heated polymer to construct custom structures in real time.
A Step Beyond Traditional Robotics
Conventional robots are typically designed with pre-built, factory-assembled components that are either rigid or optimized for specific tasks. While this approach has worked well, it limits adaptability. This new development allows robots to create their own parts exactly where and when needed, offering unparalleled flexibility.
The core of this technology lies in a liquid polymer that solidifies upon extrusion, forming strong, flexible fibers. The robot releases the polymer through a heated nozzle, allowing it to adhere to different surfaces and rapidly cool into solid structures. Similar to a spider’s silk, these fibers can be spun into various shapes and tools, enhancing the robot’s capabilities in unpredictable environments.
Real-World Applications
Notably, researchers tested the robot in a simulated disaster area. It spun fibers across debris, creating a bridge strong enough for a toy car. Additionally, it built a soft gripping limb capable of handling fragile objects like flowers. Unlike traditional grippers, this adaptive tool prevents damage to delicate items.
This technology could transform construction, engineering, and disaster relief. For example, robots could quickly build safe pathways in hazardous areas. Moreover, they could create temporary structures on-site, reducing reliance on pre-made components.
According to lead researcher Marie Vihmar, the goal is to merge biology with engineering. This breakthrough paves the way for self-sufficient robots that reshape themselves and their surroundings.
