Link Between Body Composition and Neurodegenerative Diseases
New research suggests a strong link between body composition and the development of dementia and Parkinson’s disease.
Neurodegenerative diseases are increasing rapidly. By 2050, around 153 million people are expected to have dementia. Parkinson’s disease, which affected over 6 million people in 2016, has more than doubled since 1990. Obesity and lack of exercise increase the risk of these diseases, but maintaining a healthy weight and staying active can help reduce it. A recent UK Biobank study found that excess fat in the belly and upper arms may raise the risk of neurodegenerative conditions, while increased muscle mass might lower it.
Study Overview
The study followed 412,691 people with an average age of 56 for about nine years, initially measuring body composition. Over the study period, 8,224 participants developed neurodegenerative diseases. The most common diagnosis was Alzheimer’s disease, though some individuals also developed other forms of dementia or Parkinson’s disease.
The Impact of Fat Distribution
Research indicates that carrying excess fat in specific areas, such as the belly and upper arms, may significantly elevate the risk of dementia and Parkinson’s. This highlights the importance of considering body composition beyond overall weight.
Muscle Strength: A Protective Factor?
In contrast to the negative impact of excess fat, the study also revealed a potential protective effect of muscle strength. Individuals with higher levels of muscle strength were found to have a reduced risk of developing these neurodegenerative diseases.
Implications for Prevention
These findings suggest that maintaining a healthy body composition can be beneficial. Reducing belly and upper arm fat through regular physical activity and a balanced diet can help manage fat distribution. Additionally, building muscle strength by incorporating strength training exercises into your routine can improve overall health and potentially lower the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
